Denotation, Connotation and
Implication
A. Denotation.
Denotation
is the dictionary meaning of a word. The denotation of a word or phrase
is its explicit or direct meaning. Another way to think of it is as the
associations that a word usually elicits for most speakers of a language, as
distinguished from those elicited for any individual speaker because of
personal experience.
B. Connotation.
Connotation
is the emotional overtones or nuances that the word is understood to have, but
which don't necessarily show up in the dictionary. The connotation of a
word or phrase is the associated or secondary meaning; it can be something
suggested or implied by a word or thing, rather than being explicitly named or
described. Connotation is the emotional and imaginative association surrounding a
word.
C. Implication.
This is meaning which a speaker or writer intends but
does not communicate directly. Where a listener is able to deduce or infer the
intended meaning from what has been uttered, this is known as (conversational)
implicature.
D. Example
· Example
of Denotation and Connotation : For example, the words home and house
have similar denotations or primary meanings: a home is “a shelter
that is the usual residence of a person, family, or household,” and a house
is “a building in which people live.” However, for many, these terms carry
different associations or secondary meanings, also known as connotations.
Many people would agree that home connotes a sense of belonging and
comfort, whereas house conveys little more than a structure.
·
Example
of Implication : “A bus!” → Implicature (implicit meaning): “We
must run.”
References :
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