IDIOM and SIMILE
What are
idioms?
Idioms are words, phrases or expressions which are commonly used in everyday
conversation
by native speakers of English. They are often metaphorical and make the
language more colorful.
Example :
- as free as a bird
- a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
- the early bird catches the worm
- birds of a feather flock together
- to be hand in glove with
someone = be in close relationship with someone.
He was found to be hand in glove with the enemy. - to be an old hand at something = be very experienced at something.
- to be at the hands of
somebody = be under somebody's will and power; be caused by a
particular person.
The team was defeated because it was at the hands of an inexperienced coach.
Some problem using idioms :
• They are more difficult to produce
• Idioms need specific settings to be
used
• You must understand the idioms a whole
• You use an idiom according the context
• Idioms are too many you can’t learn all
of them
Some benefits using idioms :
• Extend your knowledge of the language
• Help you to understand more
• Build confidence
• Increase your vocabulary
• Improve your foreign language
Conclusion
An idiom is the connotative meaning, so
we have to translate it based on its context and as a whole phrase. It means
that we can’t translate it separately. Idioms can be learned by
understanding, memorizing and practicing.
SIMILE
A simile is a figure of speech consisting of a comparison using like
or as. Well-chosen similes can be used to enliven writing or as an
alternative to description using adjectives.
Examples:
He was as brave as a
lion in a fight.
He swam like a fish
through rough waters.
Proverb and Metonym
PROVERB
AND METONYM
What is proverb?
A proverb is most often a phrase or saying that
gives advice in an obscure
way. The phrase usually has an allegorical type of message behind that when
first heard may seem a little odd. Usually a proverb is very well known because
of its popular use in colloquial language.
Role of Proverbs in Society.
Proverbs play many roles in society :
1. Most common role that a proverb plays
is to educate. Most often tossed around as expert advice in conversation, the
innate role to educate people on what might happen if they do something.
2. Think of a proverb as a little tidbit
of wisdom that just about everyone – no matter where they are from – can offer.
There is a proverb for just about every circumstance, and proverbs can be
applied to any situation.
Example of Proverb
- Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
- It’s no use locking the stable door after the horse has bolted.
- Laugh and the world laughs with you, weep and you weep alone.
- See a pin and pick it up, all the day you’ll have good luck; see a pin and let it lie, bad luck you’ll have all day.
Others
example :
1.
The best things in life are free."
We
don't have to pay for the things that are really valuable, like love,
friendship and good health.
2.
"A stitch in time saves nine.”
Repair
something as soon as it is damaged. That's a small repair job. If not, you will
have a much bigger and more expensive repair job later.
3. "Still waters run deep."
Some
rivers have rough surfaces with waves. That's usually because the water
is shallow and there are rocks near the surface. But deep rivers have no
rocks near the surface and the water is smooth and still. "Still
waters run deep" means that people who are calm and tranquil on the
outside, often have a strong, "deep" personality.
4.
"The way to a man's heart is through his stomach."
Many
women have won a man's love by cooking delicious meals for him. They fed
his stomach and found love in his heart.
5. "If the stone fall upon the egg,
alas for the egg! If the egg fall upon the stone, alas for the egg!"
Life
just isn't fair, and this realistic Arabic proverb recognizes that. The
stone will always break the egg. Life's like that!
What is Metonym?
Metonymy
is a figure of speech in which something is called by a new name that is
related in meaning to the original thing or concept.
Metonymy is common in cigarette
advertising in countries where legislation prohibits depictions of the
cigarettes themselves or of people using them. " (Daniel Chandler, Semiotics.
Routledge, 2007)
The difference between Metonym and
Methapor
Metonymy
is about referring: a method of naming or identifying something by
mentioning something else which is a component part or symbolically linked. In
contrast, metaphor is about understanding and interpretation: it is a means to
understand or explain one phenomenon by describing it in terms of
another." (Murray Knowles and Rosamund Moon, Introducing Metaphor.
Routledge, 2006)
Example of Metonym
- The big house—Refers to prison
- The pen—Can refer to prison or to the act of writing
- Stuffed shirts—People in positions of authority, especially in a business
- The crown—a royal person
- The Yankees/The Red Sox/The Cowboys, etc.—any team name is regularly used as a metonym for the players on the team. This is a less obvious metonym because often the team name is a group of people (the Cowboys, for instance), yet of course the football players who make up the Dallas Cowboys are not, in fact, cowboys.
- The New York Times/Morgan Stanley/Wells Fargo, etc.—any organization or company name is often used to stand in for the people who work there, such as “The New York Times stated that…” or “Wells Fargo has decided….”
Homonym
HOMONYM
Latin homonymum, from
Greek homōnymon, from neuter of homōnymos. First Known Use:
1697.
Homonym is a word that is spelled and pronounced like another word but is different in meaning. A homonym is one of a group of words that share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings. This usually happens as a result of the two words having different origins. The state of being a homonym is called homonymy. Homonyms, or multiple meaning words, are words that share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings.
All homonyms are homophones because they sound the same. However, not all homophones are homonyms. Homophones with different spellings are not homonyms.
Some common homonyms include:
ad/add
allowed/aloud ant/aunt ate/eight ball/bawl band/banned bear/bare be/bee billed/build blew/blue board/bored boy/buoy brake/break by/bye/buy beach/beech bolder/boulder bread/bred brouse/brows capital/capitol caret/carrot/carat/karat cell/sell cent/scent/sent census/senses cereal/serial chews/choose choral/coral chute/shoot clothes/close colonel/kernel creak/creek crews/cruise cymbal/symbol days/daze dear/deer dew/do/due die/dye disc/disk discreet/discrete discussed/disgust doe/dough |
doughs/doze
earn/urn ewe/you eye/I fare/fair feat/feet find/fined fir/fur flea/flee flew/flu/flue flower/flour for/four/fore forth/fourth foul/fowl frees/freeze gneiss/nice gnu/knew/new gored/gourd gorilla/guerrilla grays/graze grate/great guessed/guest gym/Jim hale/hail hall/haul hare/hair heal/heel/he'll heard/herd hew/hue hi/high higher/hire him/hymm hair/hare hoarse/horse hole/whole hour/our idle/idol idle/idol/idyl in/inn incite/insight |
its/it's
jam/jamb jeans/genes knead/need/kneed knight/night knows/nose/no's lead/led leased/least lessen/lesson lie/lye links/lynx load/lode/lowed loan/lone locks/lox loot/lute maid/made mail/male maize/maze meet/meat medal/meddle mince/mints miner/minor missed/mist mooed/mood morning/mourning muscle/mussel mussed/must nays/neighs no/know none/nun nose/knows/no's not/knot/naught one/won or/oar/ore overdo/overdue paced/paste pail/pale pain/pane pair/pare/pear pain/pane |
passed/past
patience/patients pause/paws peace/piece peak/peek/pique peal/peel pedal/peddle peer/pier pi/pie plain/plane plum/plumb praise/prays/preys presence/presents principal/principle prince/prints quarts/quartz quince/quints rain/reign/rein raise/rays/raze rap/wrap read/reed read/red real/reel reek/wreak rest/wrest review/revue right/rite/write ring/wring road/rode/rowed roe/row role/roll root/route rose/rows rote/wrote roux/rue rye/wry sacks/sax sail/sale sawed/sod scene/seen |
sea/see
seam/seem seas/sees/seize serf/surf serge/surge sew/so/sow shoe/shoo side/sighed sighs/size sign/sine sight/site/cite slay/sleigh soar/sore soared/sword sole/soul son/sun some/sum spade/spayed staid/stayed stair/stare stake/steak stationary/stationery steal/steel straight/strait suede/swayed summary/summery sundae/Sunday tacks/tax tail/tale taut/taught tea/tee teas/tease/tees tents/tense tern/turn there/their/they're threw/through throne/thrown thyme/time tide/tied tighten/titan |
to/too/two
toad/toed/towed toe/tow told/tolled tracked/tract trussed/trust use/ewes vein/vane verses/versus vial/vile vice/vise wade/weighed wail/whale waist/waste wait/weight waive/wave Wales/whales war/wore ware/wear/where warn/worn wax/whacks way/weigh/whey we/wee weather/whether we'd/weed weld/welled we'll/wheel wen/when we've/weave weak/week which/witch whirled/world whirred/word whine/wine whoa/woe who's/whose wood/would worst/wurst yoke/yolk you'll/yule your/you're/yore |
Conclusion : Homonym is the word that have the same spelling and pronunciation but have different meaning.
References :
Langganan:
Postingan (Atom)
